Tác giả

Huynh Phu 1* , Huynh Thi Ngoc Han 2 , Ngoc Thao Nguyen Ly 1

Đơn vị công tác

1 HUTECH University; h.phu@hutech.edu.vn; nln.thao@hutech.edu.vn

2 Hochiminh City University of Nature Resources & Environment; htnhan_ctn@hcmunre.edu.vn

*Correspondence: h.phu@hutech.edu.vn; Tel.: +84–966687548      

Tóm tắt

With the increasing demand for plastic, the environment is now suffering from more plastic waste than ever before; especially disposable plastic waste and medical waste plastic in the post–Covid–19 period. Plastics cannot be biodegraded but persist over time, they are broken down into smaller pieces. These pieces are called microplastics. By means of an overview research method to make theoretical arguments about the risks related to human health from microplastics and we have conducted a survey to sample water on the Saigon–Dong Nai river, the purpose of This paper presents a method to identify microplastics in the continental surface water environment under Vietnamese conditions. The research method has been applied on the Saigon river basin from Dau Tieng lake and Dong Nai tributary from Tri An lake to Thanh Da, at the confluence of the Saigon–Dong Nai rivers; and analyzed some of the impacts of microplastics on human health.

Từ khóa

Harm of microplastics; Microplastics; Plastic waste; Saigon–Dong Nai River; Surface water

Trích dẫn bài báo

Phu, H.;  Han, H.T.N.; Thao, N.L.N.  Plastic waste, microplastics in the Saigon – Dong Nai river basin, the risk of impacts on the health of people. Tạp chí Khí tượng Thuỷ văn 2022, 736(1), 14-27. 

Tài liệu tham khảo

1. PlasticEurope. Plastics The Facts 2020. Available online: https://www.plasticseurope.org/application/files/5716/0752/4286/AF_Plastics_the_facts-WEB-2020-ING_FINAL.pdf (accessed on 24 May 2021).

2. Geyer, R.; Jambeck, J.R.; Law, K.L. Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made. Sci. Adv. 2017, 3(7), e1700782. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700782.

3. Lebreton, L.C.M.; van der Zwet, J.; Damsteeg, J.W.; Slat, B.; Andrady, A.; Reisser, J. River plastic emissions to the world's oceans. Nat. Commun. 2017, 8, 15611. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15611

4. Lebreton, L.C.M.; Slat, B.; Ferrari, F.; Stainte–Rose, B.; Aitken, J.; Marthouse, R.; Hajbane, S.; Cunsolo, S.; Schwarz, A.; Levivier, A.; Nobble, K.; Debeljak, P.; Maral, H.; Schoeneich–Argent, R.; Brambini, R.; Reisser, J. Evidence that the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is rapidly accumulating plastic. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 4666. .https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22939-w.

5. Crawford, C.B.; Quinn, B. Microplastic Pollutants. Environ. Sci. 2016, pp. 336.

6. Sharma, S.; Chatterjee, S. Microplastic pollution, a threat to marine ecosystem and human health: a short review. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2017, 24, 21530–21547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9910-8.

7. Anh, H. Plastic pollution in Vietnam: A problem that needs an urgent solution. The World and Vietnam Newspapers, 2021. https://baoquocte.vn/o-nhiem-nhua-tai-viet-nam-bai-toan-can-timloi-giai-cap-thiet-147962.html

8. Thao, V.T. Actual situation of collection, reuse, recycling and treatment of generated plastic waste. Thua Thien Hue Province Education Popularity Information 2021. Link: https://huongtra.thuathienhue.gov.vn/?gd=8&cn=695&tc=30634

9. Eriksen, M.; Mason, S.; Wilson, S.; Box, C.; Zellers, A.; Edwards, W.; Amato, S. Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2013, 77(1–2), 177–182.

10. Free, C.M.; Jensen, O.P.; Mason, S.A.; Eriksen, M.; Williamson, N.J.; Boldgiv, B. High–levels of microplastic pollution in a large, remote, mountain lake. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2014, 85(1),156–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.001.

11. Mason, S.A.; Kammin, L.; Eriksen, M.; Aleid, G.; Wilson, S.; Riley, B.C.A. Pelagic plastic pollution within the surface waters of Lake Michigan, USA. J. Great Lakes Res. 2016, 42(4), 753–759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.05.009.

12. Maes, T.; Van der Meulen, M.D.; Devriese, L.I.; Leslie, H.A.; Huvet, A.; Frère, L.; Robbens, J.; Vethaak, A.D. Microplastics Baseline Surveys at the Water Surface and in Sediments of the North–East Atlantic. Front. Mar. Sci. 2017, 4, 135.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00135.

13. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Ocean plastic waste records, 2020.

14. Kieu, L.; Strady, T.C.E.; Perset, M. Life Cycle of Floating Debris in the Canals of Ho Chi Minh City (PADDI), 2016.

15. Vietnam Environment Administration. Management of plastic waste and plastic bags in Vietnam, 2019.

16. FPT Securities. Report on plastic industry in August 2019.

17. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Report No. 97/TTr–BTNMT dated December 25, 2019 on the approval of the Project to strengthen the management of plastic waste in Vietnam, 2019.

18. Gillibert, R.; Balakrishnan, G.; Deshoules, Q.; Morgan Tardivel, Alessandro Magazzù, Maria Grazia Donato.; Onofrio M. Maragò.; Marc Lamy De La Chapelle.; Florent Colas, Fabienne Lagarde.; Pietro G. Gucciardi. Raman Tweezers As A Tool For Small Microplastics And Nanoplastics Identification In Sea Water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2019, 53, 9003–9013. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b03105.

19. NOAA. Methods  for  the  Analysis  of  Microplastics  in  the  Marine  Environmet Recommendations  for  quantifyling  synthetic  particles  in  water  and  sediments. Technical Menmorandum NOS–OR&R–48, 2015.

20. Phu, H.; Han, H.T.N.; Thao, N.L.; Dong, D.V.; Han, T.G. Study on the level of microplastic pollution in water and sediments of Saigon–Dong Nai River. VN J. Hydrometeorol. 2021, 731, 69–81.

21. Van Emmerik, T.V.; Kieu, L.T.H.; Loozen, M.; van Oeveren1, K.; Strady, E., Xuan, B.T.; Egger, M.; Gasperi, J.; Lebreton, L.; Dan, N.P.; Schwarz, A.; Slat, B.; Tassin, B. A Methodology to Characterize Riverine Macroplastic Emission Into the Ocean. Front. Mar. Sci. 2018, 5, 372. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00372.

22. Strady, E.; Kieu-Le, T.C.; Gasperi, J.; Tassine, B. Temporal dynamic of anthropogenic fibers in a tropical river–estuarine system. Environ. Pollut. 2020, 259, 113897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113897.

23. Collard, F.; Gilbert, B.; Compère, P.; Eppe, G.; Das, K.; Jauniaux, T.; Parmentier, E. Microplastics in livers of European anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus, L.). Environ. Pollut. 2017, 229, 1000–1005.

24. Oßmann, B.E.; Sarau, G.; Holtmannspötter, H.; Pischetsrieder, M.; Christiansen, S. H.; Dicke, W. Small–sized microplastics and pigmented particles in bottled mineral water. Water Res. 2018, 141, 307–316.

25. Kosuth, M.; Mason, S.A.; Wattenberg, E.V. Anthropogenic contamination of tap water, beer, and sea salt. PLoS ONE 2018, 13(4), e0194970. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194970.

26. Liebezeit, G.; Liebezeit, E. Synthetic particles as contaminants in German beers. Food Additives Contam.: Part A 2014, 31(9). https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2014.945099.

27. Azoulay, D.; Villa, P.; Arellano, Y.; Gordon, M.; Moon, D.; Miller, M.; Thompson, K. Plastic & Health: The Hidden Costs of a Plastic Planet, 2019. www.ciel.org/plasticandhealth.

28. Lu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Deng, Y.; Jiang, W.; Zhao, Y.; Geng†, J.; Ding, L.; Ren, H. Uptake and Accumulation of Polystyrene Microplastics in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Toxic Effects in Liver. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2016, 50(7), 4054–4060. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00183

29. Cole, M.; Lindeque, P.K.; Fileman, E.S.; Galloway, T.S.; Goodhead, R.M.; Moge, J.; Halsband, C. Microplastic Ingestion by Zooplankton. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47, 6646–6655. https://doi.org/10.1021/es400663f.

30. Gasperi, J.; Wright, S.L.; Dris, R.; Collard, F.; Mandin, C.; Guerrouache, M.; Langlois, V.; Tassin, B. Microplastics in air: Are we breathing it in? Curr. Opin. Environ. Sci. Health 2018, 1, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2017.10.002.

31. Rochester, J.R. Bisphenol A and human health: a review of the literature. Reprod. Toxicol. 2013, 42, 132–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.08.008.

32. Leslie, H.A.; van Velzen, M.J.M.; Brandsma, S.H.; Dick Vethaak, A.; Garcia–Vallejo, J.; Lamoree, M.H. Discovery and quantification of plastic particle pollution in human blood. Environ. Int. 2022, 107199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107199.

33. Salim, S.Y.; Kaplan, G.C.; Madsen, K.L. Air pollution effects on the gut microbiota. Gut. Microbes. 2013, 5(2), 215–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/gmic.27251.

34. Revel, M.; Châtel, A.; Mouneyrac, C. Micro(nano)plastics: A threat to human health? Curr. Opin. Environ. Sci. Health 2018, 1, 17–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2017.10.003

35. Cingotti, N.; Jensen, G.K. Health and environment alliance (HEAL). In Food Contact Materials and Chemical Contamination; Health and Environment Alliance: Brussels, Belgium, 2019.